Lesson 16 · 約 10 分鐘
位置與方向
in·on·under·next to、there is·are、問路報路
位置與方向
🎯 這一課你會學會
說東西在哪裡、問路、給簡單的方向。學完你能說 The keys are on the table、There's a bank next to the store、Where's the restroom?、Go straight and turn left——出門迷路也不怕。
💬 先聽一段對話
Rin: Excuse me, where's the station?(不好意思,車站在哪?) Sam: Go straight, then turn left. It's next to a big park.(直走,然後左轉。就在一個大公園旁邊。) Rin: Is there a bank near here?(這附近有銀行嗎?) Sam: Yes, there's one on your right.(有,你右手邊就有一間。)
🔑 關鍵句型
問 / 說位置
- Where's the __? __在哪裡? → It's __(介系詞片語).
- Is there a __ near here? 這附近有__嗎? → Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
給方向
- Go straight. 直走。
- Turn left / right. 左轉/右轉。
- It's on your left / right. 在你的左邊/右邊。
📍 位置介系詞
| 介系詞 | 中譯 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| in | 在…裡面 | in the box(在盒子裡) |
| on | 在…上面 | on the table(在桌上) |
| under | 在…下面 | under the chair(在椅子下) |
| next to | 在…旁邊 | next to the door(在門旁) |
| behind | 在…後面 | behind the house(在屋後) |
| in front of | 在…前面 | in front of the store(在店前) |
| between | 在…之間 | between A and B(在A和B之間) |
| near | 在…附近 | near the park(在公園附近) |
📒 高頻單字
| 單字 | KK 音標 | 中譯 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| here | /hɪr/ | 這裡 | It's over here.(在這裡。) |
| there | /ðɛr/ | 那裡 | It's over there.(在那裡。) |
| left | /lɛft/ | 左 | Turn left.(左轉。) |
| right | /raɪt/ | 右 | on your right(你的右邊) |
| straight | /stret/ | 直直地 | Go straight.(直走。) |
| store | /stɔr/ | 商店 | a bookstore(書店) |
| station | /ˈsteʃən/ | 車站 | the train station(火車站) |
🧩 文法點:there is / there are(表示「有」某物存在)
要說「某個地方有某樣東西」,英語用 There is / There are(注意:這個 there 不是「那裡」的意思,是固定句型的開頭):
- There is + 單數:There is a book on the table.(桌上有一本書。) 口語縮寫 There's。
- There are + 複數:There are two chairs.(有兩張椅子。)
- 判斷用 is 還是 are,看後面那個名詞單複數:一個 → is、多個 → are。
否定 / 問句:
- 否定:There isn't a bank here. / There aren't any shops.
- 問句:Is there a bank near here? → Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
- Are there any restaurants? → Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
跟位置介系詞一起用最自然:
- There's a store next to the station.(車站旁邊有間店。)
- The keys are on the table.(鑰匙在桌上。)
★ 順帶一提:給指示用「祈使句」。 像 Go straight、Turn left、Open the door——開頭直接用原形動詞、不放主詞(因為就是對著眼前的人說)。問路報路、食譜、告示牌全靠它。否定加 Don't:Don't turn left.(別左轉。)
🗣️ 發音提醒
- there / their / they're 三個同音 /ðɛr/,開頭又是 th /ð/;意思不同但發音一樣,靠上下文分。
- straight /stret/:str- 三個子音連著,一口氣帶過;gh 不發音,唸「史揣特」。
- right /raɪt/:gh 不發音,唸「軟-t」/raɪt/;跟 write 同音。
✍️ 開口練習
練習 1:說東西在哪。 看你桌上,用介系詞說:
My phone is __ the table. The bag is __ the chair.
練習 2:is 還是 are?
- There _ a cat under the car.(is)
- There _ three books on the desk.(are)
- _ there any shops near here?(Are)
練習 3:問路報路。 自己分飾兩角:
— Excuse me, where's the __? — Go straight and turn __. It's next to __.
🎒 帶走
- 位置介系詞:in / on / under / next to / behind / in front of / between / near。
- There is(單數)/ There are(複數)表示「某處有某物」——看後面名詞決定 is/are。
- 問路報路:Where's the _? → Go straight, turn left/right, it's on your left/right.
🎉 你完成 Unit 4「描述與能力」了! 現在你能描述人事物、說會不會做什麼、講東西在哪、問路報路。剩下最後一個 Unit,我們把時態補齊(現在正在做、過去發生的、未來要做的),然後 A1 就畢業、接軌 A2。