轉述別人說的話(reported speech)

🎯 這一課你會學會

把別人「原話」轉成「轉述」——"I'm tired," he said → He said (that) he was tired. 學完你能複述別人講過的話,聊天、寫信、講八卦都用得到。

💬 先聽一段對話

Mia: Did you talk to Ken?（你跟 Ken 談了嗎?)
Jun: Yeah. He said he was busy this week.（談了。他說他這週很忙。)
Mia: Did he say anything about the plan?（他有說計畫的事嗎?)
Jun: He told me that he would call you tomorrow.（他跟我說他明天會打給你。)

🔑 關鍵句型

• say / tell + (that) + 一個句子(轉述陳述)。
  • "I'm happy." → He said (that) he was happy.
• say 後面不接人;tell 後面要接人:
  • He said (that)… / He told me (that)…
  • ❌ He said me… / ❌ He told (that)…

🧩 文法點:轉述時「時態往後退一步」

因為「說」是過去的事,轉述時原話的時態通常退後一級:

原話(直接)	轉述(往後退)
"I am tired."	He said he was tired.
"I like it."	She said she liked it.
"I saw her."	He said he had seen her.
"I will come."	She said she would come.
"I can swim."	He said he could swim.

規律:現在 → 過去、過去 → 過去完成、will → would、can → could、may → might。

② 代名詞也要跟著換立場:

• "I love you." → He said (that) he loved me.

③ 時間/地點詞也常換:

• now → then、today → that day、tomorrow → the next day、here → there、this → that。
• "I'll see you tomorrow." → He said he'd see me the next day.

④ that 可省略:He said (that) he was busy. —— 口語常直接省掉 that。

小提醒:如果原話講的是現在仍然成立的事實,可以不退時態(He said he is from Canada——他還是加拿大人)。B1 先把「退一步」的基本規則練熟。

📒 高頻單字

單字	KK 音標	中譯	例句
say	/se/	說(不接人)	He said hello.（他說哈囉。)
tell	/tɛl/	告訴(接人)	Tell me the truth.（告訴我實話。)
explain	/ɪkˈsplen/	解釋	She explained the rule.
mention	/ˈmɛnʃən/	提到	He mentioned you.（他提到你。)
promise	/ˈprɑmɪs/	承諾	He promised to help.

🗣️ 發音提醒

• said /sɛd/(不是「賽的」);told /told/(l 要帶到)。
• 轉述句常出現 he'd = he had / he would;she'd 同理。
• explain /ɪkˈsplen/:重音在後 plain。

✍️ 開口練習

練習 1:轉述(退一步時態)。

• "I'm hungry." → He said he ＿. → was hungry
• "I passed." → She said she ＿. → had passed
• "I'll help." → He said he ＿. → would help

練習 2:say 還是 tell?

• He ＿ me the news.（接人)→ told
• He ＿ that it was late.（不接人)→ said

練習 3:把朋友剛說的一句話轉述給別人。

He/She said (that) ＿＿.

🎒 帶走

• 轉述用 say / tell + (that) + 句子;tell 接人、say 不接人。
• 時態往後退一步(現在→過去、will→would…),代名詞和時間詞跟著換立場。
• that 常省略;仍成立的事實可不退時態。

下一課,轉述的另一半:轉述問句與命令——「他問我…」「他叫我…」。