關係子句(who / which / that / where)

🎯 這一課你會學會

把兩個句子接成一個、加上「哪一個」的說明——用關係子句。像 the man who lives next door、the book that I read。這讓你的句子更長、更精準,不再一句一句斷。

💬 先聽一段對話

Mia: Do you remember the café where we first met?（記得我們第一次見面那家咖啡店嗎?) Jun: Of course. The waiter who served us was so funny.（當然。那個服務我們的服務生超好笑。) Mia: Ha, and the cake that we ordered was amazing.（哈,還有我們點的那個蛋糕超好吃。)

🔑 關係代名詞(挑對那個字)

• who → 指人:the man who called me
• which → 指物:the book which is on the table
• that → 人或物都行(口語最常用):the man that called / the book that I read
• where → 指地點:the city where I was born
• whose → 表示「誰的」:the girl whose dog is white
• when → 指時間:the day when we met

🧩 文法點:關係子句怎麼組

① 用關係代名詞把「說明」接在名詞後面:

• 兩句:I know a man. He speaks five languages.
• 合併:I know a man who speaks five languages.（who 代替 he,接在 man 後面)

② who/which 可以用 that 替換(限定用法):

• the woman who/that lives here、the phone which/that I bought。
• 口語很常直接用 that。

③ 當「關係代名詞是受詞」時,可以省略:

• the book (that) I read = the book I read（that 是 read 的受詞,可省)
• 但當主詞時不能省:the man who called（who 是主詞,不能拿掉)。

④ where / whose 的用法:

• where = 「在那裡」的地點:This is the house where I grew up.
• whose = 「某人的」:That's the boy whose father is a doctor.

小提醒:這一課是「限定關係子句」(說明「是哪一個」,不加逗號)。加逗號的「補充說明」用法(non-defining)語氣不同,留到 B1 後段/B2。

📒 高頻單字

單字	KK 音標	中譯	例句
who	/hu/	(人)…的	the man who helped me
which	/hwɪtʃ/	(物)…的	the car which broke down
whose	/huz/	誰的	the girl whose bag is red
serve	/sɝv/	服務、上菜	the waiter who served us
remember	/rɪˈmɛmbɚ/	記得	Do you remember…?

🗣️ 發音提醒

• who /hu/、whose /huz/:wh 這裡唸 /h/(不是 /w/),「hoo / hooz」。
• which /hwɪtʃ/:wh + -ch;跟 witch 幾乎同音。
• serve /sɝv/:捲舌的 -er- + v。

✍️ 開口練習

練習 1:選對關係詞(who/which/where/whose)。

• the person ＿ called → who
• the shop ＿ I bought it → which/that
• the town ＿ I live → where
• the man ＿ car is black → whose

練習 2:合併兩句。

• I met a woman. She works at Google. → I met a woman who works at Google.
• This is the restaurant. We ate here. → This is the restaurant where we ate.

練習 3:用關係子句描述一個人或地方。

I have a friend who ＿. / This is a place where ＿.

🎒 帶走

• 關係子句用 who(人)、which(物)、that(皆可)、where(地點)、whose(誰的)把說明接在名詞後。
• 關係代名詞當受詞可省(the book I read),當主詞不能省(the man who called)。

下一課,學把想法「對比、轉折」接起來:although / however / despite / because of。