轉述問句與命令

🎯 這一課你會學會

轉述別人問的問題和下的指令——「他問我住哪」「她叫我等一下」。這一課把轉述學完整,重點是問句轉述時「語序要變回一般句」。

💬 先聽一段對話

Amy: What did the interviewer ask you?（面試官問你什麼?) Ken: She asked where I had worked before, and whether I could start soon.（她問我以前在哪工作、能不能盡快開始。) Amy: Anything else?（還有嗎?) Ken: She told me to wait for an email, and asked me not to call.（她叫我等 email,還請我不要打電話。)

🔑 關鍵句型

轉述問句

• Wh- 問句:ask + wh- 詞 + 主詞 + 動詞(一般句語序,不倒裝、不用 do)。
  • "Where do you live?" → He asked where I lived.
• Yes/No 問句:ask + if / whether + 主詞 + 動詞。
  • "Are you OK?" → She asked if I was OK.

轉述命令/請求

• tell / ask + 人 + to + 原形。
  • "Sit down." → He told me to sit down.
  • "Please wait." → She asked me to wait.
• 否定:not to + 原形 → He told me not to touch it.

🧩 文法點:問句轉述,語序變回「一般句」

① 這是最容易錯的:轉述問句時,拿掉問句的倒裝和 do/does/did,變回「主詞 + 動詞」順序:

• "Where do you live?" → He asked where I lived.　❌ where did I live
• "Are you ready?" → She asked if I was ready.　❌ if was I ready
• 而且時態一樣退一步(do you live → I lived)。

② Yes/No 問句用 if 或 whether(兩個都行):

• "Do you like it?" → He asked if / whether I liked it.

③ 命令 → tell + 人 + to;請求 → ask + 人 + to:

• 命令(較強):"Stop!" → He told me to stop.
• 請求(客氣):"Could you help?" → She asked me to help.
• 否定加 not:"Don't be late." → He told me not to be late.

④ 沒有問號:轉述後是陳述句,句尾用句號,不用問號。

• ✅ He asked where I lived.　❌ He asked where I lived**?**

★ 同一招也能「當面客氣問人」——間接問句(超實用): 把直接問句包在 Could you tell me… / Do you know… 後面,就變得更客氣——而且語序一樣要變回一般句(不倒裝、不用 do):

• 直接:Where is the station? → 客氣:Could you tell me where the station is?
• 直接:Does the shop open on Sunday? → Do you know if the shop opens on Sunday?
• ❌ Could you tell me where is the station?（不能倒裝)—— 跟轉述問句同一個規則。
• (差別:間接問句是現在當面問,不用退時態;轉述問句是複述過去問過的,要退時態。)

📒 高頻單字

單字	KK 音標	中譯	例句
ask	/æsk/	問;要求	She asked a question.
whether	/ˈhwɛðɚ/	是否	I don't know whether to go.
interview	/ˈɪntɚˌvju/	面試	a job interview（工作面試)
explain	/ɪkˈsplen/	解釋	He explained why.
answer	/ˈænsɚ/	回答	answer the question

🗣️ 發音提醒

• whether /ˈhwɛðɚ/ 跟 weather 同音;th /ð/ 舌尖咬牙。
• asked /æskt/:結尾 -sked 三子音,一口氣帶;別唸成「阿斯克-的」。
• interview /ˈɪntɚˌvju/:重音在前 in。

✍️ 開口練習

練習 1:轉述問句(改回一般句語序)。

• "Where are you from?" → He asked ＿. → where I was from
• "Do you have a car?" → She asked ＿. → if I had a car

練習 2:轉述命令/請求。

• "Close the door." → He told me ＿. → to close the door
• "Please don't smoke." → She asked me ＿. → not to smoke

練習 3:轉述面試官問你的兩個問題。

She asked ＿＿ and ＿＿.

🎒 帶走

• 轉述問句:ask + wh-/if/whether + 一般句語序(不倒裝、不用 do、時態退一步、沒問號)。
• 轉述命令/請求:tell/ask + 人 + to + 原形(否定 not to)。

🎉 你完成 B1 Unit 3「被動與轉述」了! 被動語態 + 轉述——兩個讓你的英語聽起來成熟、正式的工具。下一個 Unit,我們學把句子接得更漂亮:關係子句、對比連接詞、附加問句。