第 11 / 21 課
Lesson 10 · 約 9 分鐘
可能與委婉(could / might)
might 可能、could 過去會/客氣請求/可能性
可能與委婉(could / might)
🎯 這一課你會學會
講「可能會怎樣」(might),以及 could 的三個用途:過去會做某事、客氣地請求、講可能性。這一課把 A2 的情態動詞補齊。
💬 先聽一段對話
Mia: Are you coming to the party?(你會來派對嗎?) Jun: Maybe. I might come, but I'm not sure yet.(也許。我可能會來,但還不確定。) Mia: OK. Could you bring some drinks?(好。你可以帶點飲料嗎?) Jun: Sure. When I was a student, I could carry a lot!(當然。我當學生時可以扛很多呢!)
🔑 關鍵句型
- might + 原形(可能):It might rain. / I might go.
- might not + 原形(可能不):She might not come.
- could + 原形(過去會 / 客氣請求 / 可能):
- 過去能力:I could swim at five.
- 客氣請求:Could you help me?
- 可能:It could be true.
🧩 文法點:might 和 could
① might = 可能(present/future),不確定
- might 表示「說不定、有可能」,比 will 不確定:It might rain later.(等一下可能下雨。)
- 否定 might not:I might not finish today.
- (could 也能表可能,和 might 很接近:It could/might be true.)
② could 的三個用途
- 過去的「一般能力」:When I was young, I could run fast.(我年輕時跑得快——過去長期會。)
- 注意:講過去某一次成功做到,用 was able to,不用 could。A2 先會「一般能力」這個用法就好。
- 客氣的請求(比 can 更禮貌):Could you open the window?(可以開窗嗎?)
- 可能性:It could be a problem.
③ 一樣是情態動詞:接原形、所有主詞同形、否定加 not:
- ✅ She might come. ❌ She
might to come/might comes.
📒 高頻單字
| 單字 | KK 音標 | 中譯 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| might | /maɪt/ | 可能 | It might rain.(可能下雨。) |
| maybe | /ˈmebi/ | 也許 | Maybe later.(也許晚點。) |
| sure | /ʃʊr/ | 確定的 | I'm not sure.(我不確定。) |
| carry | /ˈkæri/ | 扛、拿 | carry a bag(提袋子) |
| bring | /brɪŋ/ | 帶來 | bring some food(帶點吃的) |
🗣️ 發音提醒
- might /maɪt/:gh 不發音,唸「麥t」;跟 mite(蟎)同音。
- could /kʊd/:l 不發音,「kʊd」,跟 should / would 押韻。
- Could you 口語連讀成「could-ja」/ˈkʊdʒə/。
✍️ 開口練習
練習 1:might(可能)造句。
I might _ this weekend. It might _ tomorrow.
練習 2:選 could 的用途。
- _ you pass the salt?(客氣請求)→ Could
- When I was 10, I _ speak French.(過去能力)→ could
練習 3:抓錯。
- ❌ It might to rain. → ✅ It might rain.
- ❌ She might comes. → ✅ She might come.
🎒 帶走
- might + 原形 = 可能(不確定);否定 might not。
- could = 過去的一般能力 / 客氣請求 / 可能性(過去某一次成功用 was able to)。
- 情態規則不變:接原形、所有主詞同形。
🎉 你完成 A2 Unit 3「規則、義務與建議」了! must / have to、should、could / might——講規定、給建議、談可能,你都會了。下一個 Unit,我們談未來與條件:will vs going to 的深入、還有「如果…就…」。